The Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive (RoHS) is a regulatory framework established by the European Union (EU) to address the use of hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment. Introduced in 2003, RoHS aims to protect human health and the environment by minimizing the risks associated with hazardous materials.
This directive restricts the use of six hazardous substances in specific electrical and electronic products sold within the EU market: lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), hexavalent chromium (Cr6+), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The RoHS Directive sets maximum concentration limits for these substances. For example, it mandates that products must not contain more than 0.1% of lead or mercury by weight.
RoHS applies to a broad range of electrical and electronic devices, including large and small household appliances, IT and telecommunications equipment, consumer electronics, lighting fixtures, medical devices, and control and monitoring instruments. It also encompasses cables and spare parts of these products.
Compliance with RoHS is mandatory for manufacturers, importers, and distributors of electrical and electronic equipment intended for the EU market. These entities must ensure that their products meet the prescribed substance concentration limits and carry the CE marking, indicating compliance with EU legislation.
RoHS has had a significant impact on the electrical and electronics industry, promoting the use of safer materials and encouraging the development of environmentally friendly products. It has also created harmonization across the EU market, facilitating trade and ensuring a consistent level of protection for consumers and the environment.
