Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) is a subtype of multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the immune system mistakenly attacking the protective covering of nerve fibers in the central nervous system. RRMS is the most common form of MS, affecting approximately 85% of individuals diagnosed with the disease.
The term "relapsing remitting" refers to the pattern of MS symptoms experienced by individuals with RRMS. In this subtype, patients typically experience phases of relapses, also known as exacerbations or flare-ups, during which new symptoms may appear or existing symptoms may worsen. These relapses are followed by periods of remission, during which the symptoms improve or disappear completely.
During relapses, patients may experience a wide range of symptoms including fatigue, muscle weakness or spasms, coordination and balance problems, difficulties with speech or vision, numbness or tingling sensations, and cognitive impairments. However, the specific symptoms and their severity can vary greatly between individuals.
Although RRMS is a chronic condition, individuals with this subtype generally experience periods of stable health in between relapses, allowing them to lead relatively normal lives. However, over time, RRMS may progress into a secondary progressive course where neurological function slowly deteriorates without distinct relapses or remissions.
Treatment options for RRMS aim to reduce the frequency and severity of relapses and manage symptoms. Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) such as immunomodulators and immunosuppressants are commonly prescribed to slow down the progression of the disease and control inflammation in the central nervous system. Additionally, symptomatic treatments and rehabilitation programs can help manage specific symptoms and improve quality of life for individuals with RRMS.
