Reflux esophagitis refers to the inflammation and irritation of the esophagus, the muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach, as a result of repeated episodes of acid reflux. Acid reflux occurs when the stomach acid and other contents flow backward into the esophagus, causing damage to its lining.
The condition is characterized by various symptoms such as heartburn, a burning sensation or discomfort in the chest behind the breastbone. Other common symptoms include regurgitation, where food or sour liquid comes back up into the throat or mouth, difficulty swallowing, and chest pain.
Reflux esophagitis is often caused by a weakened or malfunctioning lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a ring of muscle that acts as a barrier between the esophagus and stomach. When the LES fails to function properly, stomach acid and other contents can flow back into the esophagus, leading to inflammation.
Several factors can contribute to the development of reflux esophagitis, including obesity, pregnancy, smoking, certain medications, and a hiatal hernia. If left untreated, the condition can lead to more severe complications, such as esophageal ulcers, bleeding, or narrowing of the esophagus.
Treatment for reflux esophagitis typically involves lifestyle modifications, such as dietary changes, weight loss, and quitting smoking. Medications may be prescribed to reduce acid production or to neutralize stomach acid. In severe cases, surgery may be required to strengthen the LES and prevent reflux. Regular monitoring and follow-up visits with a healthcare professional are important to manage symptoms and prevent further complications.
