RAPD TECHNIQUE Meaning and
Definition
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RAPD technique, or Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA technique, is a molecular biology method used to generate DNA profiles or DNA fingerprints of organisms. It is a powerful and reliable tool for studying genetic variations and relationships between different individuals or populations within a species.
The RAPD technique is based on the principle of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), which amplifies specific DNA fragments using short, random primers. These primers bind to random sites on the DNA template and initiate DNA synthesis. The resulting amplified fragments are then separated using gel electrophoresis, revealing a unique pattern or banding profile that serves as the DNA fingerprint.
This technique is particularly useful when little prior information about the genetic makeup of a species is available, as RAPD can detect genetic variations without requiring prior knowledge of specific target sequences. It can be applied to any organism with a DNA genome, making it a versatile tool widely used in various fields such as genetics, ecology, and forensics.
The main advantage of RAPD technique is its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. It requires minimal sample preparation and can be performed using basic laboratory equipment. Moreover, RAPD does not require a large quantity of DNA, making it suitable for working with limited biological samples.
Due to its high discriminatory power and ease of use, RAPD technique has found applications in diverse areas, including biodiversity studies, population genetics, disease diagnosis, and genetic mapping. It continues to be a valuable tool for characterizing genetic variation and understanding the relationships between different individuals or populations within a species.
Common Misspellings for RAPD TECHNIQUE
- eapd technique
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Etymology of RAPD TECHNIQUE
The acronym "RAPD" stands for "Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA". The etymology of the word can be broken down as follows:
1. Random: This term refers to the fact that the technique utilizes random short DNA primers to amplify regions of the DNA molecule. The use of random primers allows for the amplification of various regions of DNA, resulting in a diverse range of amplified products.
2. Amplified: The word "amplified" in this context refers to the process of increasing the quantity of DNA segments of interest. Through multiple rounds of amplification using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the DNA fragments are replicated millions of times.
3. Polymorphic: The term "polymorphic" signifies the presence of genetic variation or differences within a given population or species. RAPD technique is commonly used for detecting and analyzing genetic polymorphisms or DNA variations among individuals.
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