Rana temporaria, commonly known as the common frog or European common frog, is a species of amphibian belonging to the family Ranidae. It is found widely across Europe, ranging from the Iberian Peninsula in the west to the Ural Mountains in the east, and from Scandinavia in the north to the Mediterranean region in the south.
Adult Rana temporaria typically measure between 6 and 9 centimeters in length, with females being larger than males. They have a mottled or smooth skin, which can vary in color from greenish-brown to shades of olive, gray, or brown, providing effective camouflage against predators. The common frog has long, strong hind legs and webbed feet, enabling it to move swiftly both on land and in water.
This species is well-adapted to a wide range of habitats, including forests, grasslands, wetlands, and even urban areas. They are often found near freshwater bodies such as ponds, lakes, and slow-flowing rivers, where they reproduce. Rana temporaria is a cold-blooded animal, meaning its body temperature fluctuates with its surroundings.
Breeding takes place during the spring, and the females lay their spawn in shallow water. Common frog tadpoles have a distinctive appearance, featuring a large head with small black eyes and a long, muscular tail. They go through a process of metamorphosis, gradually developing limbs and lungs, before eventually becoming juvenile frogs.
The common frog plays an important ecological role, serving as both predator and prey in various food chains. They primarily feed on insects, spiders, worms, and small invertebrates, while being targeted by larger predators such as birds, mammals, and snakes.
In conclusion, Rana temporaria refers to the common frog, a
