A ram air turbine (RAT) is a mechanical device commonly used in aviation to provide emergency power to aircraft systems when the main power sources fail. It is a small turbine-driven generator that harnesses the force of the airstream to produce electrical energy.
The RAM air turbine is typically located in the aircraft's fuselage, wing, or tail section and is deployed by a hydraulic or electrical mechanism when necessary. When deployed, the RAT extends from its storage position into the airstream, where it uses the dynamic pressure of the oncoming air to rotate its turbine blades and generate power.
This emergency power source is particularly useful in situations where the aircraft's main engines have shut down or the electrical generators have failed. It can provide power to essential systems such as flight controls, communication and navigation instruments, flight instruments, lighting, and other critical equipment.
One of the advantages of a ram air turbine is its simplicity. With no reliance on fuel or hydraulic fluids, it is a reliable backup method for generating power. Additionally, the RAT's design allows it to function even at low aircraft speeds, making it an effective emergency power source during critical phases of flight, including take-off and landing.
In summary, a ram air turbine is a compact, turbine-driven generator that uses the dynamic pressure of the airstream to produce electrical energy. It serves as an emergency power source for aircraft when other power systems fail, ensuring the vital operation of essential systems and instruments.
