The spelling of the phrase "railway embankment" can be explained using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). The word "railway" is pronounced as "reɪlweɪ" (REY-lway) with the stress on the first syllable. The word "embankment" is pronounced as "ɛmˈbæŋkmənt" (em-BANGK-muhnt) with the stress on the second syllable. The "a" in "embankment" is pronounced as "æ" (a as in cat). Together, the phrase refers to the raised ground that supports a railway track, making it possible for it to cross over a valley or waterbody.
A railway embankment refers to a raised structure built to support and elevate a railway track above the surrounding ground level. It is typically constructed in areas with uneven terrain or when there is a need to cross over low-lying areas, such as valleys, streams, or wetlands.
The construction of a railway embankment involves the process of compacting soil, rocks, and other materials to form a stable base. The embankment is then built by layering and compacting these materials, followed by the placement of a ballast layer on top. This ballast layer is comprised of crushed stones that provide stability, drainage, and support for the railway track.
Railway embankments serve several crucial purposes. Firstly, they provide a stable foundation for the railway track, ensuring that it remains level and secure. Secondly, they help to prevent flooding or waterlogging of the tracks by raising them above the water table. Moreover, embankments allow for bridges or viaducts to be constructed, enabling the railway to traverse obstacles such as rivers or deep valleys.
These embankments are engineered to provide proper drainage and prevent erosion. Adequate slope angles and effective use of geotextiles are utilized to enhance stability, prevent soil movement, and reduce erosion caused by heavy rainfall or poor weather conditions.
In summary, a railway embankment is a raised structure built to support a railway track above the surrounding ground level, enabling the passage of trains over uneven or low-lying areas. It ensures stability, proper drainage, and safe passage of trains, allowing for efficient transportation and connectivity within the railway network.
The etymology of the word "railway embankment" can be traced back to the origins of two key components: "railway" and "embankment".
1. "Railway": The word "railway" itself originated from the combination of two Old English words: "raile", meaning a bar, and "weg", meaning a way or path. "Raile" eventually became "rail" and "weg" evolved into "way". The term "railway" came into use in the 1820s in Britain and referred to a track or system of tracks on which trains could run.
2. "Embankment": The term "embankment" derives from the Old French word "enbanquir", which was later adopted into English as "embanken". It refers to the act of making an artificial bank or mound, usually to contain or hold back water.