A rafter is a structural component commonly found in building construction, specifically in roofs. It refers to a series of sloping beams that provide support and stability to the roof structure, usually positioned at regular intervals and running from the roof's ridge to the eaves. Rafters play a crucial role in distributing the weight of the roof, walls, and other loads, such as snow or wind, to the external walls of a building.
Typically made of wood, steel, or engineered lumber, rafters are usually shaped like triangles or trapezoids, enabling them to withstand the downward pressure and prevent the roof from collapsing. Their angles are determined by the design of the roof slope or pitch. Commonly spaced at 16 to 24 inches apart, rafters create the framework to connect the roof covering, such as shingles or metal panels, to the rest of the building's structure.
Furthermore, rafters provide a structural base to attach roofing materials, insulation, and ceiling elements, and often serve as a support for hanging light fixtures, ventilation systems, and other utilities. In traditional construction, individual rafters extend from the summit of the roof to the eaves, while more modern techniques may implement prefabricated trusses that include multiple rafters, bracing, and joists in a single unit.
Overall, the rafter's primary function is to maintain the stability and load-bearing capacity of the roof, allowing for safe and durable structures, whether in residential, commercial, or industrial settings.
