Radio range stations, also known as radio beacons or range beacons, are ground-based navigational aids used in aviation to assist pilots in determining their position and maintaining proper flight paths. These stations emit radio signals that pilots can receive and use to navigate accurately.
Radio range stations typically operate in the low-frequency (LF) or very low-frequency (VLF) radio bands. They consist of a ground-based transmitter that emits continuous signals, often in the form of audio Morse code or a distinctive tone pattern. The signals are picked up by receivers onboard aircraft equipped with radio direction finders (RDF).
To utilize radio range stations, pilots tune their RDF equipment to the frequency of the specific station they wish to use. By monitoring the signal received, pilots can determine the direction of the station relative to their aircraft. A proper interpretation of the signals allows pilots to follow specific flight paths, such as airways or instrument landing system (ILS) approaches.
Several radio range stations can be strategically positioned to form a network, creating a radio range system. These systems employ overlapping coverage, allowing pilots to transition seamlessly between stations and maintain continuous navigation throughout their flight.
With advancements in technology, the use of radio range stations has diminished in modern aviation. However, they remain a key component of many flight training programs, providing pilots with valuable experience in manual navigation and establishing a fundamental understanding of radio navigation aids.
