The word "quoin" is spelled with a combination of letters that may seem confusing, but the IPA phonetic transcription can help us understand it. The initial consonant sound is a voiceless velar stop, represented by /k/. The following vowel sound is a diphthong, starting with the open-mid back unrounded vowel /ɔ/ and ending with the front close-mid unrounded vowel /ɪ/. Finally, the word ends with a voiced alveolar nasal consonant, /n/. Despite its unusual spelling, "quoin" is pronounced as "koin".
A quoin, also spelled as coin or coign, is a structural component used in construction and architecture primarily for decorative purposes but also for structural integrity. Specifically, it refers to the often wedge-shaped, typically stone, brick, or concrete blocks that are set at the corners of a building or wall. Quoins serve multiple functions, such as adding visual interest, accentuating the masonry, and reinforcing the corners to prevent damage, especially in load-bearing structures.
Typically, quoins are larger, more prominent, and made of more durable material than the rest of the wall or building. They may be carved, polished, or adorned with decorative elements to enhance their aesthetic appeal. Quoins are commonly seen in various architectural styles such as Gothic, Georgian, and Neoclassical.
Historically, quoins were an essential part of traditional masonry, providing strength and stability to buildings while also showcasing the craftsmanship and skill of the builders. Today, however, with advancements in construction techniques and materials, the use of quoins has become more decorative rather than functional.
In a broader sense, "quoin" can also refer to any wedge-shaped object that is used to fill gaps or spaces in construction. Additionally, it can be utilized as a verb to describe the action of inserting or positioning such wedges.
The corners of brick or stone walls in brick buildings, frequently formed of stones, laid in long and short courses; a wedge used to elevate a mortar or gun to a proper level; in printing, a small wedge used to tighten the pages of type within the chase.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "quoin" has a complex etymology, derived from various sources:
1. Old French: The earliest recorded usage of "quoin" can be traced back to the Old French word "coing", meaning "corner" or "angle". This term later evolved into "coin" in Middle English, retaining the same basic meaning.
2. Latin: Another influence on the etymology of "quoin" comes from the Latin word "cuneus", meaning "wedge". This Latin term was used to describe a shape that resembled a wedge, which is similar to the shape of a quoin.
3. Dutch: The word "quoin" also has connections to the Dutch term "kwein", which means "corner". This likely influenced the spelling and pronunciation of the word as it entered English.