QUANTUM TUNNELLING COMPOSITE Meaning and
Definition
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Quantum tunnelling composite (QTC) is a type of material that exhibits the unique property of electrical conductivity variations when subjected to mechanical stress or pressure. It is essentially a composite material made up of a conductive filler dispersed within an insulating matrix, which allows it to experience changes in conductivity under mechanical deformation.
The conductive filler in the QTC is usually composed of conductive particles, such as metal or carbon-based materials, which are mixed into a polymer-based matrix. This matrix acts as an insulator and keeps the conductive particles separated in their non-deformed state. However, as mechanical stress is applied, the conductive particles come closer together and create conductive pathways, enabling the flow of electrical current through the material.
The phenomenon behind this behavior is quantum tunnelling, which refers to the ability of electrons to cross potential barriers by "tunnelling" through them. When the conductive particles in the QTC are brought closer together, the tunnelling effect becomes more pronounced, resulting in an increase in electrical conductivity. Conversely, when the material is released from pressure, the conductive pathways separate, leading to a decrease in conductivity.
Quantum tunnelling composites have diverse applications in various industries. They are used in touch-sensitive switches, pressure sensors, proximity sensors, and other types of devices that require a flexible and responsive conductive material. Their unique ability to exhibit changes in conductivity based on mechanical deformation makes them a valuable component in many electronics and robotics applications.
