Pyrite, also known as fool's gold, is a mineral composed of iron disulfide, with a chemical formula of FeS2. It is a metallic mineral with a pale brass-yellow color and a shiny, metallic luster. Pyrite crystallizes in the cubic system, and its crystal structure consists of an iron atom bonded to two sulfur atoms, forming a crystal lattice.
The name "pyrite" is derived from the Greek word "pyr," meaning fire, due to its ability to produce sparks when struck against a hard surface. This property has historically made pyrite useful in fire-starting tools.
Pyrite is commonly found in sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks, as well as in hydrothermal veins and ore bodies. It often forms as small cubic crystals, but can also occur as masses or irregular grains.
Despite its resemblance to gold, pyrite is not valuable as a precious metal. It is frequently mistaken for gold because of its bright yellow color and metallic sheen. However, pyrite is much harder than gold and lacks the malleability and ductility that gold possesses.
Pyrite is also known for its tendency to oxidize and produce sulfuric acid, leading to the formation of acid mine drainage. This environmental concern arises when pyrite-bearing rocks or ore deposits are exposed to air and moisture, causing the release of sulfuric acid and heavy metal contaminants into nearby water sources.
