PURKINJE CELL Meaning and
Definition
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A Purkinje cell is a specialized type of neuron that is found in the cerebellum of the brain. These large, elaborate cells are named after their discoverer, the Czech anatomist Jan Evangelista Purkyně. Purkinje cells are known for their distinctive shape and unique characteristics.
The main anatomical feature of a Purkinje cell is its large, fan-shaped dendritic tree that spreads out in a plane perpendicular to the surface of the cerebellar cortex. This dendritic tree is densely covered in numerous tiny protrusions called dendritic spines, which are instrumental in receiving incoming signals from other neurons.
Functionally, Purkinje cells play a crucial role in the cerebellum's role in motor coordination and balance. They receive input from two main sources: parallel fibers from granule cells and climbing fibers from the inferior olive. These inputs allow Purkinje cells to integrate and process information related to motor control, timing, and error detection.
Once processed, Purkinje cells convey output signals to the deep cerebellar nuclei, which in turn influence motor areas of the brain, ultimately enabling precise and coordinated movement. This makes them essential in fine-tuning movements and maintaining postural stability.
In summary, a Purkinje cell refers to a specialized neuron found in the cerebellum that plays a vital role in motor coordination and balance. Its distinctive morphology and integration of inputs from various sources allow it to process and convey information that ultimately influences voluntary movements.
Common Misspellings for PURKINJE CELL
- ourkinje cell
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- 0urkinje cell
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- purlinje cell
Etymology of PURKINJE CELL
The word "Purkinje cell" is named after Jan Evangelista Purkinje, a Czech anatomist and physiologist who first described these cells in 1837. Purkinje made significant contributions in the field of neuroscience and is particularly known for his work on the structure and function of the cerebellum. These large, specialized neurons located in the cerebellar cortex were therefore named after him as a tribute to his pioneering work.
Similar spelling word for PURKINJE CELL
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