The spelling of the word "pulsar" is based on its pronunciation, which is /ˈpʌlsɑr/ in IPA phonetic transcription. The first syllable "pul" is pronounced with a short "u" sound, followed by "s" and "ar" with a stress on the final syllable. This word refers to a celestial object that emits regular pulses of radiation, often observed as a rapidly flashing astronomical body. The phonetic spelling of "pulsar" helps accurately represent the way it is pronounced and helps avoid confusion or misinterpretation.
A pulsar refers to a highly compact and rapidly rotating neutron star that emits beams of electromagnetic radiation from its magnetic poles. This term is predominantly used in the field of astrophysics. Neutron stars are the remnants of massive stars that have undergone a supernova explosion. Pulsars are specifically categorized based on their emission properties and the observed variations in their emitted signals.
Typically, a pulsar's rotation period is incredibly short, ranging from milliseconds to a few seconds. This fast rotation generates a strong magnetic field, which is responsible for the emission of electromagnetic radiation. Pulsars emit beams of radiation that are projected outwards from their magnetic poles. Due to the rotation of the pulsar, the beams appear to us as regular pulses of radiation. That is why they are termed "pulsars."
These pulses of radiation can be detected by astronomers on Earth using radio telescopes or other devices capable of capturing electromagnetic waves. By analyzing the variations in the pulse arrival times and intensities, scientists can deduce valuable information about the pulsar, including its rotation period, magnetic field strength, and physical characteristics.
Pulsars are essential in the study of extreme astrophysical phenomena and provide insights into fundamental physics concepts. They are regarded as celestial clocks due to their highly regular timing characteristics. The discovery of pulsars in the 1960s by Jocelyn Bell Burnell revolutionized our understanding of neutron stars and the mechanisms behind the emission of electromagnetic radiation from such objects.
The word pulsar is derived from the words pulsating and star. It was coined by astronomers Jocelyn Bell Burnell and Antony Hewish in 1967 to describe a specific type of celestial object they discovered. These objects emit regular pulses of radio waves or other electromagnetic radiation, hence the term pulsar.