Pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumors, also known as inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs), are rare benign lesions that can occur within the lungs. These pseudotumors are characterized by an abnormal cellular proliferation, mainly composed of fibroblastic cells, myofibroblasts, and inflammatory cells. Pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumors can occur in individuals of any age, although they are more commonly diagnosed in children and young adults.
Clinically, pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumors may present as solitary or multiple nodules in the lungs, and their size can vary significantly. Symptoms may include cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, and sometimes fever. Radiographically, these lesions can mimic lung cancer or other malignancies.
The exact cause of pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumors is not fully understood. However, studies suggest that they may be associated with inflammatory processes, genetic abnormalities, and some infections. The majority of cases are sporadic, but there have been rare reports of familial occurrence.
The diagnosis of pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumors often requires a combination of clinical, radiological, and pathological evaluations. Imaging techniques such as X-ray, computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used to detect the presence of the nodules and assess their characteristics. Definitive diagnosis is typically confirmed through a biopsy, which involves obtaining a small tissue sample from the lesion and examining it under a microscope.
Treatment options for pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumors vary depending on the size, location, and symptoms of the lesion. In some cases, asymptomatic or small nodules may not require treatment and can be monitored over time. However, larger or symptomatic lesions often require surgical resection to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications. In a small number
