PROBIOTIC BACTERIUM Meaning and
Definition
-
A probiotic bacterium refers to a microbial organism that has been proven to confer health benefits to its host when ingested in adequate quantities. These bacteria belong to various strains and species, such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Streptococcus, among others, and are commonly found in fermented foods, dietary supplements, and some dairy products.
Probiotic bacteria function by establishing a supportive balance in the gut microbiota, which is the complex community of symbiotic microorganisms residing in the digestive tract. They promote proper digestion and absorption of nutrients, produce beneficial substances like short-chain fatty acids, vitamins, and enzymes, and stimulate the immune system to maintain overall gut health. By occupying the gut lining, probiotics also prevent the growth of harmful bacteria and promote a barrier effect against pathogens.
The health benefits attributed to probiotic bacteria have shown positive effects on various conditions, including digestive disorders, such as diarrhea, constipation, and irritable bowel syndrome. They have also been reported to alleviate symptoms of allergies, eczema, and urinary tract infections. Moreover, studies suggest that probiotics may contribute to reducing the risk of certain diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders.
It is essential to note that probiotic bacteria are strain-specific, meaning different strains may vary significantly in their efficacy and health benefits. Furthermore, the effectiveness of probiotics is highly dependent on the appropriate formulation, viability, and quantity that needs to be consumed. Therefore, it is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any probiotic supplementation to ensure the specific strain and dosage are suitable for individual needs.
Etymology of PROBIOTIC BACTERIUM
The word "probiotic" is derived from the Latin term "probioticus", which combines "pro", meaning "for" or "in favor of", and "bioticus", meaning "pertaining to life". It was coined in the 20th century to describe living microorganisms that have a beneficial effect on the host organism when consumed.
The term "bacterium" is the singular form of the noun "bacteria", which originated from the Greek word "bakterion", meaning "small stick" or "rod". This term was used to describe the shape of the first observed bacteria. Hence, "probiotic bacterium" refers to a singular bacterial microorganism that provides health benefits to the host organism.
