Potexvirus is a genus of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA plant viruses. Its name may seem confusingly spelled since it deviates from the conventional spelling rules. The name is pronounced /pɒtɛksvaɪrəs/ and is transcribed phonetically as "pot-eks-vye-ruhs," where the "x" refers to a voiceless velar fricative. The term "Potexvirus" comes from "POTato EXternal virus" and was coined by Francki and colleagues in 1979. This viral group causes significant damage to various crops such as potato, pepper, and bamboo.
Potexvirus is a genus of plant viruses in the family Flexiviridae, characterized by their filamentous, flexuous, non-enveloped virions. These viruses primarily infect a wide range of plant hosts, causing significant damage to agricultural crops and ornamental plants worldwide. The name "Potexvirus" is derived from Potato virus X, the type species and most well-known member of the genus.
Potexviruses have a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome that is encapsidated by a capsid protein forming a helical structure. The genome of Potexviruses typically consists of approximately 6.4 to 7.4 kilobases in length, encoding a set of genes involved in viral replication, movement, and assembly. Replication of the viral RNA occurs in the cytoplasm of infected plant cells.
Infection by Potexviruses results in various symptoms on plants, including mosaic patterns on leaves, chlorosis, stunting, and deformations. The viruses are generally transmitted through mechanical means, such as contact with infected plant sap, contaminated tools, or through seed transmission. Some Potexviruses can also be transmitted by fungal vectors or through nematodes.
Control measures for Potexvirus infections involve the implementation of strict quarantine protocols, destruction of infected plants, and the use of virus-free plant materials. Additionally, the development of resistant plant cultivars and antiviral treatments have shown some promise in minimizing the impact of Potexvirus infections on crops.
The word "Potexvirus" is derived from the initials of “Potato” (Po), “TE” (for the tobacco etch virus, which is the type species of the family), and "X" (representing the unknown virus). Therefore, "Potexvirus" signifies a virus belonging to the family Potexviridae, which infects a variety of plants including potatoes and other crops.