Posterior Spinal Artery Syndrome is a medical condition that affects the spinal cord. The spelling of this word can be explained using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) transcription. The first two syllables are pronounced as "pɑsˈtɪriər", with the stress on the second syllable. The final three syllables are pronounced as "ˈspaɪnəl ˈɑrtəri sɪnˌdroʊm". The stress is on the first syllable of "artery" and on the second syllable of "syndrome". The spelling of this word can be complex, but it is essential for medical professionals to communicate accurately about the condition.
Posterior Spinal Artery Syndrome (PSAS), also known as spinal cord infarction syndrome or Holmes' syndrome, is a rare medical condition characterized by the sudden interruption of blood flow to the posterior spinal artery, resulting in ischemia (lack of oxygen) and subsequent damage to the spinal cord.
This syndrome can occur as a consequence of a blockage or occlusion in the posterior spinal artery, which supplies blood to the posterior (dorsal) part of the spinal cord. The interruption of blood flow can be caused by various factors, including emboli, thrombosis, or vasculitis affecting the artery.
The clinical manifestations of PSAS vary depending on the location and extent of the spinal cord affected. Common symptoms include sudden-onset back pain, followed by a rapid development of neurological deficits below the level of the spinal lesion. These deficits may include muscle weakness or paralysis, loss of sensation, impaired coordination, muscle spasms, and bladder or bowel dysfunction.
Diagnosis of PSAS typically involves a thorough physical examination, along with imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify the underlying cause and extent of the spinal cord damage. Treatment options for this condition are limited and focus mainly on managing symptoms and preventing further complications. Rehabilitation with physical therapy, occupational therapy, and assistive devices may be necessary for individuals to regain functionality and quality of life.