Positional notation is spelled as /pəˈzɪʃənəl noʊˈteɪʃən/. The first syllable is pronounced as "puh", while the second syllable is pronounced as "zi-shuh-nuhl". The word 'notation' is pronounced as "noh-tey-shuh-n". The 's' in both 'positional' and 'notation' is pronounced as 'z', since it is between two vowels. The phonetic transcription helps in understanding the pronunciation of the word and ensures that it is pronounced correctly. Understanding the IPA phonetic transcription is a handy tool for anyone who wants to master the correct pronunciation of words.
Positional notation refers to a numerical system in which the value of an integer or a real number is determined by the position of each digit within the number. This notation is commonly used in most numeral systems, including decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal.
In positional notation, each digit's value is multiplied by a power of the base of the numeral system according to its position. The base represents the number of distinct digits used in the system. The rightmost digit holds the least significant position and has a value equal to the digit multiplied by the base to the power of zero. Each subsequent digit to the left is assigned a higher power of the base, increasing by one each time.
For instance, in decimal positional notation with base 10, the number 1742 is interpreted as 1x(10^3) + 7x(10^2) + 4x(10^1) + 2x(10^0), resulting in a value of 1000 + 700 + 40 + 2 = 1742.
This method allows for a concise representation of numbers, as each digit's position carries a different weight, contributing to the overall value. By utilizing positional notation, calculations and conversions between different numeral systems become possible, enabling efficient mathematical operations across different bases.
The word "positional" in "positional notation" is derived from the Latin word "positio", which means "placement" or "position". The term refers to the positioning or placement of digits in a number based on their value to represent a specific numerical value.
The concept of positional notation was first introduced by the ancient Hindu mathematicians in India around the 5th century AD. They developed the system of numerals known as "Hindu-Arabic numerals" or "decimal system", where numbers are represented using a combination of ten symbols (0-9) and their positions within a number determine their value.
The term "positional notation" is used to describe this mathematical system where the value of a digit depends on its position or place within the number, such as units, tens, hundreds, thousands, etc.