PORINS Meaning and
Definition
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Porins are a type of transmembrane protein found in the outer membranes of certain bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. These proteins create channels or pores in the lipid bilayer, allowing the passage of small molecules, such as ions and nutrients, across the membrane.
Porins have a barrel-like structure composed of β-strands, forming a cylindrical channel through the membrane. They are typically highly selective in their permeability, thereby controlling the transport of specific molecules. The size and charge of the passing molecules impact their ability to traverse the porin.
In bacteria, porins are crucial for the uptake of nutrients, such as sugars and amino acids, and play a key role in the defense mechanisms against harmful substances, including antibiotics. They contribute to the outer membrane's permeability barrier while facilitating the diffusion of hydrophilic compounds.
In eukaryotic cells, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, porins are involved in transporting molecules across the organelle's double membrane. These proteins help in the exchange of metabolites between the organelle and the cytoplasm and play a critical role in the energy-generating processes.
Porins are vital for maintaining cellular homeostasis and regulating the flow of substances across the membrane. Their structure and function have been extensively studied, leading to valuable insights into various biological processes and potential applications in medicine and biotechnology.
Common Misspellings for PORINS
Etymology of PORINS
The word "porins" is derived from the term "porin", which was coined in the early 1970s. It originated from the combination of "porosity" and "protein". Porins are a type of protein that forms channels in the outer membranes of certain bacteria and mitochondria, allowing the passive diffusion of small molecules across the membrane. The term "porin" is used to describe these proteins due to their porous nature and their resemblance to channels or pores. Over time, the plural form "porins" has been adopted to refer to multiple instances of this protein family.
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