Popliteal cysts, also known as Baker's cysts, refer to fluid-filled sacs that develop in the popliteal fossa, which is the hollow space located at the back of the knee joint. These cysts are named after the British surgeon William Morrant Baker, who first described them in the 19th century.
The popliteal fossa is prone to the accumulation of synovial fluid, a lubricating substance found in the joint. When there is an excess production or retention of this fluid, it can gather in a sac within the popliteal fossa, forming a popliteal cyst. The cyst appears as a bulge or swelling at the back of the knee, ranging in size from small to large, and can cause discomfort, stiffness, and limited range of motion.
Popliteal cysts are commonly linked to underlying conditions affecting the knee joint, such as knee osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, meniscal tears, or other joint inflammation. These underlying conditions can cause increased production of synovial fluid, leading to the development of a cyst. In some cases, the cyst may burst, resulting in a sudden increase in swelling and pain.
Treatment of popliteal cysts depends on the severity of symptoms and the underlying cause. Conservative measures such as rest, ice, compression, and elevation (R.I.C.E), along with pain management and physical therapy, are often employed. Addressing the underlying condition and managing joint inflammation is crucial to prevent recurrent cyst formation.
In severe cases or when conservative treatments fail, aspiration or surgical removal of the cyst may be necessary. However, it is important to address the underlying cause of the cyst to minimize the risk of recurrence. Regular monitoring and follow-up with a healthcare professional specializing in
