Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age. It is characterized by the presence of multiple small cysts on the ovaries, irregular menstrual periods, and an excess production of androgen hormones, such as testosterone.
PCOS occurs when the ovaries fail to release eggs regularly, resulting in menstrual irregularities, which may include very light or heavy bleeding, missed periods, or extended periods of bleeding. It is also associated with a variety of symptoms, including acne, excessive hair growth (hirsutism), obesity, insulin resistance, and difficulties with fertility.
The exact cause of PCOS is unknown, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Insulin resistance and hormonal imbalances are thought to play a significant role in its development. While there is no cure for PCOS, its symptoms can be managed through lifestyle modifications, such as nutritional changes and regular exercise. In some cases, medication may also be prescribed to regulate menstrual cycles and manage associated symptoms.
PCOS is a relatively common condition, affecting around 5-10% of women of reproductive age. It is important for individuals with PCOS to seek medical care and undergo regular check-ups, as the syndrome is associated with an increased risk of developing other health conditions, such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular diseases.
