POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL Meaning and
Definition
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Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) refers to a group of synthetic organic chemicals that are composed of two benzene rings connected by a carbon-carbon bond. PCBs are notorious for being persistent organic pollutants due to their resistance to biodegradation, meaning that they can persist in the environment for long periods of time.
These compounds were extensively used in various industrial applications, such as electrical transformers, capacitors, and hydraulic fluids, from the 1930s to the 1970s. However, their production and use were banned in many countries due to their harmful effects on human health and the environment.
PCBs are highly toxic and pose a significant risk to both human and ecological health. Prolonged exposure to PCBs has been linked to various adverse health effects, including cancer, reproductive disorders, immune system suppression, and developmental abnormalities. Furthermore, they can be easily absorbed by living organisms and accumulate in fatty tissues, bioaccumulating up the food chain.
Due to their persistence and ability to transport across long distances through air and water, PCBs have become widespread environmental pollutants. These chemicals can contaminate soil, sediments, and water bodies, posing a significant threat to wildlife and ecosystems.
Efforts have been made to remediate and eliminate PCBs from the environment, including the implementation of strict regulations on their production and disposal. Proper management, containment, and remediation techniques are necessary to mitigate the risks associated with these toxic compounds.
Etymology of POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL
The word "polychlorinated biphenyl" is a scientific term composed of three components - "poly", "chlorinated", and "biphenyl".
1. "Poly" is a prefix derived from the Greek word "polus", meaning "many" or "multiple". It denotes the presence of multiple or many chlorines in the molecule.
2. "Chlorinated" is derived from the element "chlorine", which comes from the Greek word "khloros", meaning "pale green". Chlorine is a halogen element and is widely used in the synthesis of various organic compounds.
3. "Biphenyl" is a compound made up of two benzene rings connected through a single bond. It comes from the combining of "bi-", meaning "two" or "double", and "phenyl", referring to a benzene ring.
