The term "plexus temporalis superficialis" refers to a complex network of nerves located on the surface of the temporal bone, which is a paired bone on the side of the skull that forms part of the cranium. The word "plexus" is derived from the Latin word meaning "braid" or "intricate network," while "temporalis" relates to the temporal region. "Superficialis" refers to the nerve plexus being situated close to the surface.
The plexus temporalis superficialis is primarily composed of branches from the facial nerve, which is responsible for controlling the muscles of facial expression. It receives contributions from other nerves, such as the auriculotemporal nerve, greater auricular nerve, and zygomatic branches. This intricate network extends anteriorly towards the forehead and posteriorly towards the ear region.
The plexus temporalis superficialis plays a crucial role in the innervation of the muscles involved in facial expression, including the frontalis, orbicularis oculi, and zygomaticus muscles. It also provides sensory innervation to the overlying skin, particularly in the temporal region, and contributes to the sensation around the ear and temple.
Understanding the anatomy and function of the plexus temporalis superficialis is essential in various medical fields, such as neurology, otolaryngology, and plastic surgery, as it helps in diagnosing and treating conditions affecting facial expression, sensation, and related disorders.
