The term "plexus ptarygoideus" refers to a network or cluster of nerves located in the region of the pterygoid muscles within the human body. Specifically, it is found in the pterygopalatine fossa, which is a small space behind the maxillary bone and lateral to the nasal cavity.
The plexus ptarygoideus consists of several nerves that pass through or originate from this region. These nerves include the maxillary nerve, which is a branch of the trigeminal nerve, and its associated branches such as the zygomatic nerve, posterior superior alveolar nerve, and infraorbital nerve. Additionally, the pterygopalatine ganglion, a small collection of nerve cell bodies, is also part of this network.
The primary function of the plexus ptarygoideus is to provide innervation to various structures in the head and face. It supplies sensory fibers to the palate, gums, upper teeth, cheeks, nose, and upper lip. Additionally, it plays a role in regulating blood flow, tear production, and secretion in the nose, palate, and lining of the sinuses.
Understanding the anatomy and functions of the plexus ptarygoideus is crucial in medical and dental fields, as it helps diagnose and treat conditions related to the nerves and blood vessels in the head and face.
