PLASMID VECTOR Meaning and
Definition
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A plasmid vector, commonly known as a plasmid, is a small, circular DNA molecule that is separate from the chromosomal DNA within a cell. It acts as a carrier or vehicle for the transfer and replication of specific genes or gene fragments between different organisms, particularly in genetic engineering and biotechnology applications.
Plasmid vectors possess a number of distinct characteristics that aid in their use as tools in the field of molecular biology. Firstly, they are usually composed of double-stranded DNA and are smaller in size compared to the chromosomal DNA. This compact structure allows for easy manipulation and control of the gene of interest. Additionally, plasmids possess an origin of replication, which ensures their autonomous replication within the host organism, independent of the chromosomal DNA.
Furthermore, plasmid vectors frequently contain selectable markers, such as antibiotic resistance genes, which enable researchers to identify and select cells that have successfully taken up the plasmid. This allows for the rapid identification and isolation of cells with the desired characteristics or genes of interest.
Plasmid vectors also typically contain multiple cloning sites, also known as polylinkers or multiple cloning regions, where DNA fragments can be inserted. These regions consist of specific DNA sequences recognized by restriction enzymes, which act as molecular scissors to cut the DNA at specific points, facilitating the insertion of foreign genes or DNA fragments into the plasmid vector.
In summary, a plasmid vector is a small, circular DNA molecule that serves as a vehicle for the transfer and replication of genes or gene fragments between different organisms. It possesses distinct features, including an origin of replication, selectable markers, and multiple cloning sites, that enable its use as a versatile tool in genetic engineering and biotechnology.
Common Misspellings for PLASMID VECTOR
- olasmid vector
- llasmid vector
- 0lasmid vector
- pkasmid vector
- ppasmid vector
- poasmid vector
- plzsmid vector
- plssmid vector
- plwsmid vector
- plqsmid vector
- plaamid vector
- plazmid vector
- plaxmid vector
- pladmid vector
- plaemid vector
- plawmid vector
- plasnid vector
- plaskid vector
- plasjid vector
- plasmud vector
Etymology of PLASMID VECTOR
The word "plasmid vector" consists of two terms: "plasmid" and "vector".
1. Plasmid:
Etymologically, the term "plasmid" originates from the Greek word "plasma", meaning "something molded or formed". In biology, a plasmid refers to a small, circular, and self-replicating DNA molecule found in bacteria and some other organisms. The term "plasmid" was coined by the molecular biologist Joshua Lederberg in 1952.
2. Vector:
The term "vector" has its roots in Latin. The word "vector" is derived from the Latin term "vehere", meaning "to carry". In the context of biology, a vector refers to a vehicle or carrier molecule used to transfer genetic material between cells. This concept of a vector was introduced by biologists in the mid-20th century.
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