The spelling of the phrase "Planning Theory" can be described using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) as /ˈplænɪŋ ˈθiːəri/. The first syllable "plan" is pronounced with a short "a' sound, followed by the "n" sound. The second syllable "ning" is pronounced with a long "e" sound and a nasal "n" sound. The third syllable "theo" is pronounced with a short "i" sound and a "th" sound. And the final syllable "ry" is pronounced with a long "e" sound and an "r" sound.
Planning theory refers to a field of study that encompasses various concepts, models, and frameworks aimed at understanding and improving the practice of urban, regional, and environmental planning. It is an interdisciplinary field that draws on ideas from fields such as geography, sociology, architecture, and political science.
At its core, planning theory is concerned with the understanding and analysis of planning processes, decision-making, and practices. It examines the rationale and goals behind planning interventions, the different actors and institutions involved in planning processes, as well as the impacts and outcomes of planning actions.
The purpose of planning theory is to critically examine planning systems, policies, and practices in order to develop more effective and sustainable approaches to spatial development. It seeks to answer questions such as how planning decisions are made, who benefits or suffers from planning actions, and how planning can contribute to the creation of more just and equitable societies.
Planning theory encompasses a wide range of topics, including urban governance, public participation, sustainability, land use regulation, and spatial justice. It encourages planners to consider alternative perspectives and to challenge conventional wisdom in their practice. By studying planning theory, planners gain a deeper understanding of the complexities and challenges of their work, allowing them to make more informed and impactful decisions.
The etymology of the phrase "Planning Theory" can be broken down as follows:
1. Planning: The term "planning" originated from the Old French word "plan" meaning "ground, plan or map". It was further derived from the Latin word "plānum", which means "level ground". The word "planning" itself is first recorded in English in the 1720s and refers to the act of making detailed arrangements or preparations for a specific purpose.
2. Theory: The word "theory" traces back to the ancient Greek word "theōria" (θεωρία) which meant "contemplation, speculation, or a looking at". It is derived from "theōreō" (θεωρέω), which means "to look at, observe, or contemplate".