Placenta praevia marginalis is a medical condition characterized by the abnormal placement of the placenta in the uterus, particularly near the edge of the cervix. The placenta is a vital organ that develops during pregnancy, connecting the fetus to the uterus and facilitating oxygen and nutrient exchange.
In placenta praevia marginalis, the placenta partially or completely covers the cervix opening, making a vaginal delivery challenging or even impossible. The condition is referred to as "marginalis" because the edge of the placenta touches but does not fully cover the cervix.
Women with this condition may experience painless vaginal bleeding during the second or third trimesters, which can be a sign of placental separation or detachment. Other symptoms may include uterine contractions, abdominal pain, or an enlarged uterus. These signs should never be ignored, as they can be life-threatening for both the mother and the baby, potentially leading to severe bleeding or even death if not managed properly.
Risk factors for placenta praevia marginalis include advanced maternal age, previous cesarean sections, multiple pregnancies, and a history of uterine surgeries or abortions. Diagnosis usually involves an ultrasound to determine the exact location of the placenta in relation to the cervix.
Treatment options for placenta praevia marginalis depend on factors such as the severity of the condition, gestational age, and maternal and fetal health. In some cases, bed rest and close monitoring may be sufficient. However, if there is significant bleeding or risk to the mother or baby, a cesarean section may be necessary to ensure safe delivery.
