Pityriasis Lichenoides et Varioliformis Acuta (PLVA) is a rare, self-limiting inflammatory skin condition characterized by the development of small, firm, reddish-brown papules or nodules that may eventually progress to form vesicles or pustules. The condition primarily affects children and young adults, with a peak incidence occurring in the second and third decades of life.
The exact cause of PLVA is still unknown, although it is believed to involve an abnormal immune response triggered by certain infectious agents or other factors that are yet to be determined. The condition is not contagious and does not have a hereditary component.
Symptoms of PLVA typically include an abrupt onset of multiple papules or nodules that may be itchy or tender. These lesions usually appear on the trunk, buttocks, thighs, or upper extremities. Over time, the papules or nodules evolve into vesicles or pustules before finally resolving, leaving behind pigmented or hypopigmented scars.
The diagnosis of PLVA is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic appearance of the skin lesions and the typical course of the condition. In some cases, a skin biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other similar dermatologic conditions.
Treatment options for PLVA aim to alleviate symptoms, reduce the acute inflammatory response, and prevent scarring. Topical or systemic corticosteroids, phototherapy, antibiotics, or immunosuppressive drugs may be used depending on the severity of the disease. Prognosis is generally good, with most cases resolving within several weeks to months, although recurrent episodes may occur in some individuals. Regular follow-up is recommended to monitor the progression and response to treatment.
