Piroplasma is an intracellular parasitic protozoan that causes piroplasmosis. The spelling of "Piroplasma" is pronounced as /ˌpaɪ rəˈplæz mə/, with the stress on the second syllable. The first syllable "piro" is pronounced like "pyro," as in pyrotechnics. The second syllable "plasma" is pronounced as "plaz-muh," similar to the word "plasma" referring to a state of matter. It is important to spell this word correctly to avoid ambiguities in diagnosis and treatment of piroplasmosis.
Piroplasma is a genus of small protozoan parasites that belong to the phylum Apicomplexa and the family Babesiidae. These parasites primarily infect the red blood cells of vertebrate hosts, including mammals, birds, and reptiles. Piroplasmas are transmitted to their hosts through the bite of infected ticks during a blood meal.
The name "Piroplasma" is derived from the Greek words "piros" meaning "pear" and "plasma" meaning "formed substance," reflecting the pear-shaped appearance of these parasites in their host's blood cells. These organisms have a complex life cycle involving both asexual and sexual reproduction stages.
When piroplasmas invade a host's red blood cells, they multiply by dividing asexually through binary fission. This replication process culminates in the bursting of the infected blood cell, which releases thousands of new parasites into the bloodstream. Piroplasmas can cause diseases in their hosts, collectively known as piroplasmosis, which can lead to symptoms such as fever, anemia, and jaundice.
While piroplasmosis can be a serious and potentially fatal illness, it can also occur without causing any noticeable symptoms in certain individuals. Humans can contract piroplasmosis, but they are considered accidental hosts, as the infection is more commonly found in domestic and wild animals. Effective control measures against piroplasma infections include tick control and prompt treatment of infected animals.
Babesia, a genus of Sporozoa of the subclass Hoemosporidia; many of the species are parasitic in the blood of the domestic animals.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The word "Piroplasma" comes from Greek origins. The prefix "piro-" is derived from the Greek word "pyr" meaning "fire", and the word "plasma" comes from the Greek "plasma", which means "something molded or formed". Therefore, "Piroplasma" literally translates to "fire-formed" or "formed by fire". The term was coined in reference to the microscopic organisms causing the disease known as piroplasmosis, which was believed to be caused by a type of blood parasite capable of inducing a high fever.