Pieris napi, commonly known as the Green-veined White, is a species of butterfly belonging to the family Pieridae. It is widely distributed across Europe and parts of Asia, including the British Isles. The name "pieris napi" comes from the Greek word "pieris," meaning "muse" or "inspiration," and "napi," which refers to the species' preferred food plant, the wild mustard (Brassica rapa).
The Green-veined White is a medium-sized butterfly, with a wingspan ranging from 45 to 55 millimeters. It is identified by its creamy-white wings, which are adorned with distinctive green veins, giving it its name. The undersides of the wings are pale yellowish-green, and the males typically have darker wingtips.
This species is commonly found in open, grassy habitats, including meadows, fields, woodlands, and gardens. The adult butterflies feed on nectar from a variety of flowers, while the larvae feed exclusively on the leaves and seedpods of the wild mustard plant, as well as other related plants in the Brassicaceae family.
The Green-veined White is known for its strong flying capabilities and is frequently observed in flight during the spring and summer months. It is also a migratory species, with some populations undertaking long-distance journeys to find suitable breeding sites.
Due to its widespread distribution and adaptability, Pieris napi serves as an important pollinator and indicator species for ecological health. Although it is considered abundant and not currently threatened, conservation efforts continue to be focused on maintaining and protecting its natural habitats.
