Pronunciation: [fɹˈa͡ɪnəlˌɪsɪn] (IPA) 
The word "phrynolysin" is a compound of two Greek roots: "phryno" meaning frog and "lysis" meaning dissolution or breaking apart. The correct IPA transcription for "phrynolysin" is /fɹaɪ-noʊ-lai-sɪn/. It is a protein toxin found in the secretion of certain frog species. This word is a good example of the importance of understanding Greek and Latin roots in scientific terminology.
Phrynolysin is a noun that refers to a toxic protein found in the skin secretion of certain species of frogs belonging to the Phrynobatrachidae family. It is specifically produced by the genus Phrynobatrachus, which includes various small-sized African frogs.
This protein is highly significant, as it acts as a defense mechanism for these frogs against potential predators. It belongs to a class of proteins known as pore-forming toxins, which have the ability to disrupt and damage cell membranes. Phrynolysin accomplishes this by forming pores or channels in the lipid bilayers that make up cell membranes, thereby causing structural instability and disrupting the normal flow of ions.
The toxic effects of phrynolysin can vary depending on the concentration and route of exposure. It is known to have cytolytic properties, meaning it can cause lysis or destruction of cells. When predators come into contact with the secretion of these frogs, the phrynolysin can cause significant damage to their tissues, often leading to paralysis or even death.
Phrynolysin has attracted considerable attention in the field of biomedical research due to its potential therapeutic applications. Scientists are exploring its ability to selectively target and destroy cancer cells by exploiting its cytolytic properties. Additionally, the study of phrynolysin can shed light on the evolutionary adaptations of frogs and their interactions with the surrounding environment.
The poison of the fire-toad, Bombinator igneus, contained in the secretion of the skin of the back and abdomen.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The word "phrynolysin" is formed from two components: "phryno-" and "-lysin".
1. "Phryno-" is derived from the Greek word "phrynos", meaning "toad". This component indicates a relationship with toads or characteristics similar to those of toads.
2. "-Lysin" is a suffix derived from the Greek word "lysis", meaning "a loosening, dissolution, or destruction". This suffix is commonly used in scientific terminology to refer to enzymes or proteins that have a lytic or destructive effect.
Therefore, the word "phrynolysin" can be understood to mean a substance or enzyme that has a destructive effect or lytic action similar to that found in toads or related to toad characteristics.
