The word "peroxide" is spelled [pəˈräksˌˌīd] in IPA phonetic transcription. The "per-" prefix means "through" or "completely," and "oxide" refers to a chemical compound that contains an oxygen atom bonded to another element. The spelling reflects the pronunciation, with the schwa vowel sound [ə] in the unstressed syllables and [aɪ] representing the long "i" sound in the stressed syllable. The phonetic transcription helps us understand the components of the word and how it should be pronounced.
Peroxide is a chemical compound characterized by the presence of a peroxide group, which consists of two oxygen atoms bonded together (O-O). Typically, peroxides are highly reactive and unstable because of this oxygen-oxygen bond. Peroxide compounds can exist in different forms, including organic and inorganic compounds.
Inorganic peroxides are commonly used as oxidizing agents, bleaching agents, and disinfectants. They are often found in household items such as hair bleach, contact lens solution, and teeth whitening products. Inorganic peroxides, like hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), decompose easily when exposed to light or heat.
Organic peroxides, on the other hand, are chemical compounds with carbon atoms bonded to the peroxide group. They are generally highly flammable and hazardous materials, widely used in industries such as plastics, rubber, and manufacturing. Organic peroxides are frequently employed as initiators in polymerization reactions, where they break down to free radicals that start the reaction.
In medicine, hydrogen peroxide is commonly used as an antiseptic for cleaning wounds. It acts as a disinfectant by releasing oxygen gas upon contact with bodily tissues, causing effervescence that helps remove debris and bacteria.
Overall, peroxide is a versatile chemical compound with numerous applications across different fields, known for its reactivity, bleaching properties, and role as an antiseptic. However, its handling should be done with caution due to its potential hazards and instability.
That oxide of any series which contains the greatest number of oxygen atoms.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
That oxide of a base which contains the largest proportion of oxygen.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
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The word "peroxide" has its roots in Latin and Greek. It is derived from the Latin word "peroxidum", which is made up of the prefix "per-" meaning "through" or "thoroughly", and "oxidum", referring to "oxygen". "Oxidum" is itself derived from the Greek word "oxygēnēs", meaning "acid former", which is a combination of "oxy-" meaning "sharp" or "acid", and "-gēnēs" meaning "producing" or "born". Thus, "peroxidum" essentially means "thoroughly oxygenated". This Latin term was later anglicized to "peroxide" in English.