A percussion instrument refers to any musical instrument that produces sound by being struck, shaken, or scraped. It is a broad category within the realm of musical instruments, encompassing a wide range of diverse instruments that share the commonality of being played by means of direct physical contact, usually with hands, sticks, mallets, or beaters. These instruments produce sound through the vibration and resonance of their bodies or attached materials, interacting with the air to generate audible vibrations.
Some examples of percussion instruments include drums, xylophones, tambourines, cymbals, maracas, and gongs, as well as common household items like pots, pans, and spoons that are often utilized as makeshift percussion instruments. Within this category, instruments can be further classified into two main types: pitched and unpitched percussion instruments. Pitched percussion instruments, like xylophones or timpani, produce definite pitches when played, while unpitched percussion instruments, such as cymbals or drums, produce an indefinite pitch or no distinct pitch at all.
In addition to providing rhythm and tempo to music, percussion instruments often play a vital role in creating the texture, dynamics, and overall aural experience of a performance. They are frequently used in various genres of music, including classical, jazz, rock, pop, and world music, highlighting their versatility and universal appeal to musicians and audiences alike.
