Peptic ulcer perforation refers to a medical condition characterized by a rupture or hole in the wall of the stomach, small intestine, or esophagus caused by a peptic ulcer. A peptic ulcer is a sore that develops on the lining of these digestive organs, commonly caused by an infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria or the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
When a peptic ulcer perforates, it results in the contents of the digestive tract, including stomach acid and partially digested food, leaking into the abdominal cavity. This can lead to severe complications such as peritonitis, a condition characterized by inflammation of the lining of the abdominal cavity. Peritonitis can cause severe pain, tenderness, and infection if left untreated.
The symptoms of peptic ulcer perforation may include sudden and severe abdominal pain that radiates to the back, fever, nausea, vomiting, and a rigid or tense abdomen. These symptoms require immediate medical attention, as this condition is considered a medical emergency.
Treatment for peptic ulcer perforation typically involves surgical intervention to repair the perforation, remove any infected material, and address any underlying issues contributing to the ulcer. Antibiotics may also be prescribed to treat any associated infections. In some cases, if identified early, certain minimally invasive techniques may be employed to repair the perforation. Additionally, measures may be taken to manage pain and discomfort and to prevent further complications. After treatment, close monitoring and follow-up care are important to ensure healing and prevent recurrence.
