PEDF (Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor) is a naturally occurring protein secreted by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and other tissues in the body. It is often referred to as a multifunctional protein due to its wide range of biological activities. PEDF acts as an endogenous anti-angiogenic factor, inhibiting the growth of new blood vessels, known as angiogenesis, which is vital in various physiological and pathological processes.
As an anti-angiogenic factor, PEDF plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance between tissue growth and remodeling. It acts by suppressing the activity of pro-angiogenic factors that promote blood vessel formation, thereby preventing excessive angiogenesis, which is associated with several diseases, including cancer, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration.
Furthermore, PEDF also exhibits neuroprotective properties by promoting neuronal survival and suppressing apoptosis. It is involved in regulating cell differentiation, proliferation, and migration in various cell types, including neural cells, endothelial cells, and immune cells. PEDF has also been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.
Due to its multifaceted properties, PEDF has garnered significant attention in the field of biomedical research. Several studies are being conducted to elucidate its molecular mechanisms and explore its potential therapeutic applications. The versatile functions of PEDF make it a promising target for the development of novel therapies for various diseases, particularly those characterized by abnormal angiogenesis and neuronal damage.
