Pavor Nocturnus, also commonly known as night terrors, is a sleep disorder classified as a parasomnia in the field of sleep medicine. This disorder typically occurs during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, specifically in the stage known as slow-wave sleep.
Pavor Nocturnus involves sudden episodes of intense fear, terror, or dread, often accompanied by screaming, sweating, and an increased heart rate. Individuals experiencing night terrors may exhibit aggressive or frantic behavior, along with disorientation and confusion upon awakening. However, they often have no recollection of the events or emotions experienced during the episode.
Unlike nightmares, which usually occur during REM sleep and are often remembered upon waking, Pavor Nocturnus is more prevalent in children aged 3 to 12 years, with a higher incidence in boys. It tends to resolve on its own as the child matures. However, in some cases, it may persist into adulthood or develop later in life.
The exact causes of Pavor Nocturnus are not well understood, but potential factors include genetic predisposition, sleep deprivation, stress, or certain medications. Diagnosis of this disorder is typically done through clinical evaluations and a detailed history of the episodes.
Treatment for Pavor Nocturnus usually involves ensuring a safe sleep environment, implementing good sleep hygiene practices, and minimizing stress or anxiety. In severe cases, medication may be prescribed to alleviate the symptoms or manage other underlying conditions that could contribute to these episodes.
Overall, Pavor Nocturnus is a sleep disorder characterized by sudden and extreme episodes of fear or terror during sleep, primarily affecting children but potentially occurring in adults as well.
