The spelling of the word "passiven" can be explained with the use of IPA phonetic transcription. In German, the word passive is spelled "passiv" and the suffix "-en" is often added to make it an adjective. When pronounced, "passiv" ends with the sound "f" and adding the suffix "-en" creates a new syllable that starts with the sound "s". As a result, the final consonant in "passiv" changes from "f" to "v" to create the spelling "passiven".