PASSIVE ELECTRONICALLY SCANNED ARRAY Meaning and
Definition
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A Passive Electronically Scanned Array (PESA) refers to a type of radar system that utilizes a collection of individual antennas to detect and track targets. Unlike Active Electronically Scanned Arrays (AESAs), which use electronically controlled phase shifters, PESAs rely on the physical movement of the entire antenna system to steer the radar beam.
The term "passive" in PESA implies that the individual antenna elements do not emit any RF signals themselves. Instead, they receive incoming electromagnetic waves and passively reflect or retransmit them to form a coherent radar signal. By altering the timing and amplitude of the signals received from various antenna elements, the radar beam can be electronically steered without requiring any mechanical movement. This helps in achieving a swift switching response and instantaneous target detection.
PESA technology offers several advantages over other radar systems. It provides high detection capabilities, a wide field of view, and excellent target accuracy. It often proves cost-effective due to its simpler design and lower maintenance requirements compared to AESAs. Additionally, PESAs are known for their electronic counter-countermeasures (ECCM) capabilities, making it difficult for adversaries to jam or spoof the radar system.
With its ability to track multiple targets simultaneously and adapt to various environments, PESAs find applications in both military and civilian sectors. They are commonly employed in air defense systems, ground-based and naval radars, weather monitoring systems, and airborne surveillance platforms, contributing to enhanced situational awareness and security.
