The spelling of the word "pardoner" is derived from the Middle English word "pardoner," which comes from the Old French word "pardonneur." In IPA phonetic transcription, the pronunciation of "pardoner" is /ˈpɑː(r)dənə(r)/. The word refers to the person who sells papal indulgences, granting pardon for sins. In medieval times, pardoning was big business for the Church, and the role of the pardoner was highly lucrative. The spelling of the word has remained the same since it was first introduced in the Middle Ages.
A pardoner refers to an individual who grants pardons or forgiveness for committed sins, often within a religious context. In medieval times, a pardoner held a significant role within the Christian Church, specifically the Catholic Church, and was authorized to grant absolution to those who sought redemption for their transgressions. The act of pardoning involved forgiving sins and releasing individuals from the guilt and consequences associated with their wrongdoings, thus allowing them to potentially attain spiritual salvation.
The role of a pardoner involved various practices, including hearing confessions from penitents and determining the appropriate penances or indulgences as a means of absolving sins. Pardoners were known for their persuasive oratory skills, delivering compelling sermons and preaching about the consequences of sin. They often carried relics or objects believed to possess holy power, which they used to grant blessings, sell indulgences, or "pardons" for financial gain. These practices sometimes led to criticism and controversy, as some pardoner's motivations were perceived as more self-serving than genuinely spiritual.
In literary works, particularly Geoffrey Chaucer's "The Canterbury Tales," the term pardoner is often used to depict a specific character archetype. Pardoners in literature are typically portrayed as cunning, deceptive, and morally corrupt individuals who exploit people's religious beliefs for personal gain. These fictional representations often serve as social commentaries, critiquing the corrupt practices of religious figures during medieval times.
One who pardons; one who dealt in papal indulgences.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "pardoner" originated from the Old French term "pardunier" or "pardeüner", which was derived from the verb "pardoner", meaning "to pardon" or "to forgive". The Old French term itself was influenced by the late Latin word "perdonare", with "per-" meaning "completely" or "thoroughly" and "donare" meaning "to give" or "to grant". Thus, the etymology of "pardoner" suggests someone who grants or gives pardons or forgiveness. In medieval times, a pardoner was a person authorized by the Catholic Church to sell indulgences or pardons to people seeking forgiveness for their sins.