Paranasal sinus neoplasms, also known as paranasal sinus tumors or sinonasal tumors, are abnormal growths or masses that develop in the paranasal sinuses. The paranasal sinuses are hollow, air-filled spaces located in the bones of the face and skull, surrounding the nasal cavity.
These neoplasms can be either benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). The exact cause of paranasal sinus neoplasms is not known, but they can arise from the epithelial lining or the glandular structures within the sinuses.
The symptoms of paranasal sinus neoplasms vary depending on the size, location, and type of tumor. Common signs include nasal congestion, persistent or recurring nasal discharge, pain or pressure in the face, headaches, changes in vision or hearing, and frequent sinus infections. Malignant tumors may also cause weight loss, loss of appetite, and fatigue.
Diagnosis of paranasal sinus neoplasms typically involves a combination of imaging tests such as CT scans or MRI scans, a biopsy to examine the tissue sample, and a thorough examination of the nose and sinuses. Treatment options depend on the size, stage, and type of tumor, as well as the overall health of the patient. It may include surgery to remove the tumor, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these methods.
Prognosis for paranasal sinus neoplasms varies widely depending on factors such as the stage of the tumor, the type of tumor, and the overall health of the patient. Early detection and treatment offer the best chance of successful outcomes. Regular follow-up care and monitoring are important to detect any recurrence or metastasis of the tumor.
