Paget's disease of bone is a chronic bone disorder characterized by abnormal bone remodeling, resulting in weakened, deformed, and enlarged bones. It primarily affects older adults and is more prevalent in men than women. The condition is named after Sir James Paget, who first described it in 1877.
This disease is marked by excessive bone resorption and formation, leading to a higher turnover rate, resulting in abnormal growth and disorganized bone structure. As a result, the affected bones become structurally weak, brittle, and prone to fractures. The most commonly affected bones include the skull, spine, pelvis, and long bones of the legs. Individuals with Paget's disease may experience bone pain, deformities, and a higher risk of complications such as arthritis, hearing loss, and compression of nerves.
The exact cause of Paget's disease of bone is still unknown, although genetic factors and certain viral infections have been implicated. It is typically diagnosed through physical examination, medical history review, imaging tests (such as X-rays, bone scans, or MRI), and blood tests to assess bone turnover markers.
Treatment for Paget's disease aims to control symptoms, reduce bone pain, and prevent complications. This may involve medications to regulate bone turnover, manage pain, and optimize bone health, such as bisphosphonates. Physical therapy and assistive devices are also utilized to enhance mobility and prevent falls. In severe cases, surgery may be required to correct deformities or repair fractured bones.
