The spelling of "Outer Mongolia" may seem straightforward, but the pronunciation can be tricky. In IPA phonetic transcription, it is pronounced as /aʊtər mɒŋˈɡəʊliə/. The first syllable, "Outer," is pronounced with the diphthong /aʊ/, which sounds like the "ou" in "out." The second word, "Mongolia," has a nasalized "o" sound, represented by the symbol /ɒ̃/, followed by a hard "g" sound represented by /ɡ/. The final syllable has an "iə" sound, like the "ia" in "idea." So, when saying "Outer Mongolia," it's important to pay attention to the distinct sounds in each syllable.
Outer Mongolia, also known as Outer Mongolia Region, refers to the historical region of Mongolia situated geographically in East Asia. It is a vast territory encompassing the northern part of Mongolia that borders Russia to the north and China to the south. It is distinguished from Inner Mongolia, which is located within the borders of China. Outer Mongolia is renowned for its expansive steppe landscapes, mountains, and sparsely populated areas.
Historically, Outer Mongolia was part of the Mongol Empire, founded by Genghis Khan in the 13th century, which extended from Eastern Europe to Asia. After the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol tribes faced periods of division and conquest. Outer Mongolia became a Qing protectorate in the 17th century until the beginning of the 20th century, when it declared independence from China during the fall of the Qing Dynasty.
In modern times, Outer Mongolia achieved full independence as the Mongolian People's Republic in 1924 and remained under a communist government until 1990. Since then, it has transitioned into a democratic nation and is officially known as Mongolia.
Outer Mongolia is recognized for its nomadic herding culture, traditional Mongolian music and throat singing, iconic Mongolian horses, and the beautiful Gobi Desert. It is also rich in mineral resources, including coal, copper, gold, and uranium, contributing to its economic development. The country maintains diplomatic relations with various nations and actively participates in regional and global affairs while cherishing its unique cultural heritage.
The term "Outer Mongolia" originates from the historical division of Mongolia into Outer and Inner Mongolia by the Qing Dynasty of China in the 17th century.
The word "Mongolia" itself comes from the Mongolian word "Monggol", which refers to the Mongol people. The Mongol Empire, founded by Genghis Khan in the 13th century, was one of the largest empires in history, stretching from Eastern Europe to Asia. Mongolia, as a region, was an integral part of this empire.
The division of Mongolia occurred when the Qing Dynasty came to power in China. They created the geographical distinction between "Outer Mongolia" and "Inner Mongolia" to acknowledge the two different regions that were under their control.
"Outer Mongolia" referred to the territories to the north and west of China proper, including the present-day independent country of Mongolia. These areas were primarily inhabited by ethnic Mongols.