Outcrop is a geological term that refers to a visible portion of bedrock or stone that projects above the surface of the land. The spelling of the word "outcrop" is pronounced as /ˈaʊtˌkrɒp/ in IPA phonetic transcription. The "out" is pronounced with an /aʊ/ sound as in "loud", while the "crop" is pronounced with an /ɒ/ sound as in "hot". It is important to note that the vowel sound in "crop" is different from the typical /oʊ/ diphthong sound that can be found in other words such as "boat" or "coat".
Outcrop refers to a visible portion or exposure of bedrock or consolidated rock formation that appears at the Earth's surface. It is a geological phenomenon where the rocks that usually lie beneath the soil or other unconsolidated materials are exposed, making them observable to the naked eye. Outcrops can be found in various locations such as mountains, hillsides, cliffs, or even in flat terrains where erosion or tectonic forces have removed the overlying material.
The term outcrop is commonly used in the field of geology and is crucial for understanding the geological history, structure, and composition of an area. By studying outcrops, geologists can determine the types of rock present, their arrangement, and the processes that shaped them. Outcrops also play a significant role in identifying fossil deposits, mineral resources, and providing access for sampling and mapping.
Outcrops can vary in size, ranging from small exposures of a few square meters to extensive formations spanning several kilometers. They can consist of a single type of rock or showcase several rock types due to complex geological processes. Outcrops provide valuable information for geologists and other scientists studying the Earth's history and its physical properties. Through careful observation and analysis of outcrops, geologists can form a more comprehensive understanding of the geological characteristics of a region and contribute to various fields, including paleontology, sedimentology, geochronology, and structural geology.
The exposure of the edge of strata at the earth's surface-a stratum coming to the surface is said to crop out.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "outcrop" originated in the early 19th century and combines two separate words - "out" and "crop".
The term "out" comes from the Old English word "ūt", which means "outside" or "outward". It has Germanic roots, related to the Dutch word "uit" and the German word "aus".
The word "crop" is derived from the Old English word "cropp", which refers to the sprout or head of a plant. It is believed to have originated from the Proto-Germanic word "kroppaz" with similar meanings.
When combined, "outcrop" refers to a portion of a mineral or rock formation that appears on the surface above ground, or more generally, any exposed geological feature. The term "crop" here is used metaphorically to imply something emerging or protruding from beneath the surface.