Oulachan, also known as eulachon or candlefish, refers to a species of small sea fish belonging to the family Osmeridae, found in the coastal waters of North America. Scientifically known as Thaleichthys pacificus, the oulachan fish is prevalent along the Pacific Northwest region, primarily in the waters of Alaska, British Columbia, and Washington State.
These slender and elongated fish measure around 8 to 10 inches in length, with a small head, large eyes, and a prominent snout. Oulachan are characterized by their silver-colored body, soft flesh, and a distinct lateral line running along their sides. One of the most remarkable features of oulachan fish is their high oil content, resulting in a near-transparent body that resembles a candle when dried, hence the common name "candlefish". The oil-rich flesh of these fish plays a vital ecological role as a significant food source for various predators, including birds, marine mammals, and other fish species.
Oulachan are notable for their annual spawning run, when large numbers of adults migrate from the ocean toward freshwater rivers and streams to reproduce. This migration usually occurs during late winter or early spring. The oulachan run has cultural and traditional significance for indigenous communities of the Pacific Coast, as it represents a critical time for gathering and preserving this valuable resource for winter provisions. Additionally, the oulachan fish and its oil have been used for centuries by indigenous peoples in the region for food, medicinal purposes, and as a natural lubricant or fuel.
In conclusion, oulachan fish are small, oil-rich marine species found in the coastal waters of North America, known for their annual migratory spawning run and cultural significance to
