Otitis Media with Effusion (OME), also commonly known as "glue ear," is a medical condition characterized by the presence of fluid in the middle ear without any signs of acute infection. It is a non-infectious form of otitis media, which refers to any inflammation or infection of the middle ear. OME typically occurs when the Eustachian tube, a narrow passage that connects the middle ear to the back of the throat, becomes blocked or dysfunctional, leading to the accumulation of fluid within the middle ear space.
The fluid in OME is usually thin and sticky, resembling glue, hence the name "glue ear." This type of fluid causes a reduction in sound transmission, resulting in mild to moderate hearing loss, which can eventually affect speech and language development in children.
OME is most commonly associated with recurring or persistent episodes of upper respiratory infections, such as the common cold, which can cause inflammation and swelling of the Eustachian tube. Other contributing factors may include allergies, environmental factors, and anatomical abnormalities.
Symptoms of OME can vary but may include decreased hearing, a feeling of fullness or pressure in the ear, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), and occasional mild pain. It is frequently diagnosed during routine ear examinations, where the presence of fluid or decreased mobility of the eardrum is observed.
Treatment options for OME depend on the severity and duration of the condition, as well as the age of the patient. In many cases, OME resolves on its own within a few weeks to months. However, intervention may be required if the condition persists or causes significant hearing loss. Potential treatments can range from observation and symptom management to the insertion of ear tubes (tympanostomy tubes) to drain the fluid and equal
