Ortalis is a genus of medium-sized birds belonging to the Cracidae family, also known as the chachalacas. These birds are native to the tropics and subtropics of Central and South America. The name "ortalis" is derived from the Greek word "ortyx," meaning quail, which describes the bird's resemblance to this small game bird species.
Chachalacas are typically characterized by their robust body, short tail, and strong beak. They have a distinctive call, producing a loud, raucous sound that resembles their name: "cha-cha-LA-ca." Their plumage tends to vary across species, ranging from predominantly black or gray with white markings, to brown or reddish-brown tones.
Ortalis birds are primarily found in forested habitats, including rainforests, deciduous forests, and savannas. They are predominantly tree dwellers, but can also be observed on the ground, hopping and running between trees. These omnivorous birds have a varied diet consisting of fruits, seeds, leaves, flowers, and small invertebrates.
Closely related, ortalis species often gather in flocks, which can range from a few individuals to larger groups. They are highly social creatures that communicate through various vocalizations, such as alarm calls or territorial songs.
Some species of ortalis, such as the speckled chachalaca (Ortalis guttata), are considered important game birds due to their size and delicious meat. Although they face threats such as habitat destruction and hunting, several ortalis species have managed to maintain stable populations throughout their range.
