ORSAT APPARATUS Meaning and
Definition
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The Orsat apparatus is a scientific instrument used for the analysis of gas composition and the determination of gas volumes. It consists of a series of glass tubes and connecting valves, with each tube containing a reagent or absorbent for specific gases.
The primary purpose of the Orsat apparatus is to measure the concentrations of oxygen (O2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and other gases in a gas mixture. It works on the principle of gas absorption, where the gas sample is passed through the tubes containing reagents that react or absorb specific gases. The remaining gas is collected and measured, allowing for the calculation of gas concentrations.
The Orsat apparatus typically consists of three main tubes: the oxygen pipette, the carbon dioxide pipette, and the absorption pipette. The oxygen pipette contains a solution that absorbs oxygen, while the carbon dioxide pipette contains a solution that absorbs carbon dioxide. The absorption pipette may contain various reagents depending on the gases of interest, such as potash or caustic potash. The gas sample is drawn into the apparatus using a pump or aspirator.
The Orsat apparatus is widely used in industries such as chemical engineering, environmental monitoring, and gas production. It provides accurate and precise measurements of gas composition, allowing for the control of industrial processes, combustion efficiency analysis, and the detection of harmful emissions.
Etymology of ORSAT APPARATUS
The word "orsat apparatus" is named after its inventor, Sir Arnold Orsat, an English engineer who lived from 1859 to 1931. The term "orsat" is derived from his last name. Sir Arnold Orsat invented the Orsat apparatus in the late 19th century as a device used to measure the composition of gases. It became particularly important in analyzing the exhaust gases produced by engines and furnaces. The Orsat apparatus enabled engineers and scientists to determine the percentage of common gases such as carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen present in a gas sample. The word "apparatus" refers to the device itself, highlighting its role as a tool for scientific measurement.
