Order of Saint Stephen, also known as the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, is a chivalric order that traces its roots back to the Kingdom of Hungary. Founded in 1764 by Queen Maria Theresa of Austria, it was established to recognize and reward military achievements and services rendered to Hungary. The order is named after Saint Stephen, the most significant figure in Hungarian history, and the first King of Hungary.
The Order of Saint Stephen is open to both Catholics and Protestants, with membership granted to individuals who have demonstrated exceptional valor, outstanding leadership, or significant contribution to the defense of Hungary. It is considered one of the highest civilian and military honors in Hungary.
The order consists of several ranks, including Grand Cross, Commander's Cross, and Knight's Cross, each denoting the level of achievement and service of the recipient. The insignia of the order includes a white-enamel Maltese cross with gold borders, coupled with a green-enamel wreath and a golden crown. The badge is suspended from a royal crown, symbolizing its connection to the Hungarian monarchy.
Traditionally, the order was awarded by the monarch, but after the fall of the monarchy in Hungary, it is now conferred by the President of Hungary upon recommendation by the Minister of Defense. The Order of Saint Stephen holds significant historical, cultural, and symbolic value in Hungary, representing bravery, loyalty, and devotion to the nation.
