Orcheitis is a medical condition characterized by the inflammation of one or both testicles, typically caused by a viral or bacterial infection. This inflammatory condition predominantly affects males, particularly those in the age group of 20 to 40 years. Orcheitis can be categorized into two types: infectious and non-infectious.
Infectious orcheitis occurs when pathogens such as bacteria or viruses invade and infect the testicles. A common cause of infectious orcheitis is the mumps virus, which can cause swelling, pain, and tenderness in the testicles. Other viruses that can cause this condition include Coxsackievirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and certain sexually transmitted infections like gonorrhea and chlamydia. Bacterial infections, such as those caused by the bacteria that causes urinary tract infections or sexually transmitted infections, can also lead to orcheitis.
Non-infectious orcheitis, on the other hand, is often a result of an autoimmune response, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the testicles, causing inflammation. Other potential causes of non-infectious orcheitis include trauma or injury to the testicles, certain medications, or underlying medical conditions like vasculitis or sarcoidosis.
Symptoms of orcheitis typically include swelling, pain, tenderness, redness, and warmth in the affected testicle. These symptoms may also be accompanied by fever, fatigue, and general malaise. It is crucial to seek medical attention if any symptoms of orcheitis are experienced, as complications such as infertility or testicular atrophy can arise if left untreated.
Treatment for orcheitis aims to alleviate the symptoms and address the underlying cause. It may involve rest, pain management, anti-inflammatory medications, warm compresses, and antibiotics
